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Virtual reality (VR) is a popular information technology in design and manufacturing. In the conceptual design stage, VR has been proved to be an auxiliary tool with great potential. However, the development of VR in the conceptual design has not been systematically investigated. This study conducted a review of the application of VR in the conceptual design stage on design activities and cognitive needs in recent 18 years. This study proposed a framework of design activities and cognitive needs in the conceptual design stage based on the design information cycle model. The technical characteristics are analysed and role of VR in each phase of conceptual design is discussed. Then the principle and application value in developments of VR technology for conceptual design are analysed. Finally, the research directions and application scheme of VR in conceptual design in the future are discussed.

The role of virtual reality technology in conceptual design: positioning, applications, and value