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The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still spreading rapidly. Relevant research based on the antiviral effects of  Thesium chinense  Turcz (Santalaceae) was not found. To investigate the antiviral and anti-inflammatory effects of extracts of  T. chinense . To investigate the anti-entry and replication effect of the ethanol extract of  T. chinense  (drug concentration 80, 160, 320, 640, 960 μg/mL) against the SARS-CoV-2. Remdesivir (20.74 μM) was used as positive control, and Vero cells were used as host cells to detect the expression level of nucleocapsid protein (NP) in the virus by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blotting. RAW264.7 cells were used as an anti-inflammatory experimental model under lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induction, and the expression levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The ethanol extract of  T. chinense  significantly inhibited the replication (half maximal effective concentration, EC 50 : 259.3 μg/mL) and entry (EC 50 : 359.1 μg/mL) of SARS-CoV-2 into Vero cells, and significantly reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Petroleum ether (EC 50 : 163.6 μg/mL), ethyl acetate (EC 50 : 22.92 μg/mL) and  n -butanol (EC 50 : 56.8 μg/mL) extracts showed weak inhibition of SARS-CoV-2 replication in Vero cells, and reduced the levels of IL-6 and TNF-α produced by LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. T. chinense  can be a potential candidate to fight SARS-CoV-2, and is becoming a traditional Chinese medicine candidate for treating COVID-19.

Extracts of Thesium chinense inhibit SARS-CoV-2 and inflammation in vitro