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Recent evidence has indicated that miRNAs play an important role in both initiation and progression of many pathologic processes such as diabetes and can be used as an important and more sensitive tool to predict the development of the disease than the currently used biomarkers. This research aimed at comparing miR-7-5p and miR-33a-5p expression levels in the diabetics and pre-diabetics with the control group. In this study, we compared expression of miR-7-5p and miR-33a-5p in plasma of three groups including pre-diabetic patients ( n  = 20), T2D patients ( n  = 20) and control group ( n  = 20), using RT-qPCR. Biochemical parameters were measured by auto-analyser.  In silico  analysis was performed to identify potential target genes of these miRNAs. Compared to the controls, miR-7-1-5p expression was down regulated in the pre-diabetics and the T2D patients; whereas, miR-33a-5p was expressed at higher levels in the T2D patients compared to the control group. Both miRs were correlated with glycaemic status such as FBS and HbA1c levels. The ROC analysis indicated a significant ability for miR-33a-5p in discriminating between the diabetics and the healthy individuals.  In silico  analysis suggests that both miRs affect biological pathways related to T2DM pathogenesis, such as MAPK, and insulin signalling pathway Our results demonstrated that the miR-7-1-5p and miR-33a-5p expression levels are deregulated in the diabetics and pre-diabetics. Furthermore, miR-33a-5p showed significant ability in discriminating between diabetics and healthy individuals, suggesting a potential diagnostic use of miRNAs in type-2 diabetes detection.

Can circulating miR-7-1-5p, and miR-33a-5p be used as markers of T2D patients?