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Research has described that adiponectin plays a key role in cardiomyocytes metabolism, however, the effects of exercise during obesity on cardiac adiponectin levels is unclear. To investigate the effects of constant-moderate endurance (END) and high-intensity interval training (HIIT), on heart adiponectin levels in mice. Two experiments were conducted: (1) preventive (EX1): 10 week-old male mice were fed standard (CHOW) or high-fat diet (HFD;45% fat) and simultaneously trained with END and HIIT for 10 weeks; (2) Treatment (EX2): after 10 weeks of dietary intervention, another cohort of 10 week-old mice were trained by both programmes for 10 weeks. In EX1, END and HIIT decreased low-molecular weight adiponectin (∼0.5-fold;  p  &lt; 0.05) and increased GLUT4 levels (∼2-fold;  p  &lt; .05). In EX2, HFD significantly decreased high-molecular weight adiponectin (∼0.7-fold;  p  &lt; .05), and END reversed this change. Discussion and conclusion:  HFD and exercise influence heart adiponectin isoforms and therefore might impact cardiomyocyte metabolism.

Constant-moderate versus high-intensity interval training on heart adiponectin levels in high-fat fed mice: a preventive and treatment approach