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Technology transfer remains one of the key functions of universities, seen with the growing importance attached to interactions between them and industry partners. Relying on self-determination theory (SDT), we develop a framework comprising the core motivational factors inherent in the design of industry projects and individual determinants which influence a professor’s willingness to engage in industry interaction activities. Based on a conjoint experiment among 250 U.S. professors in engineering sciences, our findings suggest that motivational incentives shape a professor’s disposition towards industry interaction. We additionally provide further insight into how intrinsic motivational structures towards industry engagement are moderated by individual characteristics, including the short-term orientation of professors towards industry activities. Our results contribute to research on university-industry interactions by developing deeper insights into the motivational structures of individual researchers. We also provide practical insights for university administrators and industry managers.

How industry projects can stimulate academic engagement: an experimental study among U.S. engineering professors