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Previous studies have explored associations between Tumour Necrosis factor-Alpha ( TNF-a ) polymorphisms and Schizophrenia. Their results were controversial. We conducted a meta-analysis to clarify the association between  TNF-a  − 308 G/A(rs1800629), −1031T/C(rs1799964), −863C/A(rs1800630) and −857 C/T (rs1799724) polymorphisms and Schizophrenia. All the studies that investigated the association between  TNF-a  polymorphisms and Schizophrenia published before 15 October 2020 were included in. The literature were comprehensively searched and identified in 2 English databases and 2 Chinese databases. The odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) were calculated. For −1031 T/C polymorphism, at the overall analysis, significantly decreased Schizophrenia risk was found in T allele in the allele model ( p  = 0.006, OR = 0.88) and increased Schizophrenia risk was found in TC + CC genotype in the dominant model ( p  = 0.005, OR = 1.17). Similarly, the same results were obtained when pooled analyses were included in high-quality studies (allele model:  p  = 0.005, OR = 0.86; dominant model:  p  = 0.007, OR = 1.20). In addition, when stratified by ethnicity, the results showed that in allele model, the T allele decreased Schizophrenia risk in East Asian ( p  = 0.031, OR = 0.90). The association may most likely result from less-credible, rather than from true associations or biological factors on the TNF-a − 1031 T/C polymorphism with Schizophrenia risk.KeypointsFor −1031T/C polymorphism, at the overall analysis, significantly decreased schizophrenia risk was found in T allele in the allele model, and increased schizophrenia risk was found in TC + CC genotype in the dominant model.In allele model, the T allele decreased schizophrenia risk in East Asian when stratified by ethnicity, and in the dominant model, TC + CC genotype increased schizophrenia risk in East Asian. For −1031T/C polymorphism, at the overall analysis, significantly decreased schizophrenia risk was found in T allele in the allele model, and increased schizophrenia risk was found in TC + CC genotype in the dominant model. In allele model, the T allele decreased schizophrenia risk in East Asian when stratified by ethnicity, and in the dominant model, TC + CC genotype increased schizophrenia risk in East Asian.

Association between Tumor Necrosis factor-Alpha( TNF-a ) polymorphisms and Schizophrenia: an updated meta-analysis