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For determining an appropriate retrofitting method for a bridge structure based on economy, this work proposes an annual-expected resilience index for a bridge to simulate the resilience-considered seismic risk that is caused by multiple seismic events in a given period. Along with the direct costs, the resilience-considered indirect costs are also included in the seismic risk and benefit–cost ratio to determine an appropriate retrofitting strategy for a bridge structure. In this work, a bridge in Taipei is used as an example of the application of the proposed quantification method to determine a retrofitting method with economy based on the resilience-considered benefit–cost ratio.

Resilience-considered Seismic Risk Assessment and Mitigation of a Retrofitting Method for a Bridge under Multiple Seismic Events