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A new three-dimensional finite element modeling methodology for nonlinear analysis of reinforced concrete walls is developed and implemented in OpenSees software. The model is validated against broad experimental data obtained for nine planar (unidirectional loading) and two U-shaped (multidirectional loading) specimens. Results of the detailed validation studies presented indicate that the proposed model can accurately capture a wide range of measured global (e.g., load-deformation) and local (e.g., strains) wall responses. However, the model fails to capture the loss of wall lateral load capacity observed in experiments due to various complex failure mechanisms that are not incorporated in presented model formulation.

Finite Element Modeling of Reinforced Concrete Walls Under Uni- and Multi-Directional Loading Using Opensees