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The wireless sensor network (WSN) plays a significant role in home automation, energy consumption monitoring, medical field, computational field, and so on. The major challenges associated with the WSN are time delay during the data transmission and network lifetime. Moreover, the cluster head selection (CHS) is also a challenging task. Hence, this research article introduces a novel multi-objective whale-based tunicate swarm algorithm (WTSA) for energy aware CHS process for multipath routing in WSN. The newly developed WTSA integrates the tunicate swarm algorithm (TSA) and whale optimization algorithm (WOA). The CHS procedure can be initiated by stimulating the sensor nodes in a network. The cluster heads (CHs) are selected by estimating these stimulated sensor nodes for delay, intercluster distance, node degree, energy and intracluster distance individually. Finally, the multipath routing is carried out through the proposed WTSA. The performance of the developed WTSA model is evaluated using metrics such as delay, number of nodes that are alive, throughput, and residual energy. The introduced WTSA attained better performance with respect to delay of 0.140 seconds for 100 nodes and throughput of 69,641 kbps for 100 nodes.

Energy Aware Cluster Head Selection and Multipath Routing Using Whale-based Tunicate Swarm Algorithm (WTSA) for Wireless Sensor Network