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Background:  Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a disease involving genetic and lifestyle risk factors such as smoking or high-risk papillomavirus (HR-HPV) infections. Objective:  This study analyzed 92 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with smoking and HPV on HNSCC cancer risk and survival among HNSCC patients. Material and methods:  Eighty-six HNSCC patients (48 non-smoking and 38 smoking) were consecutively included. Results:  Differences were detected in the analysis of survival and SNP genotypes located in the  CXCR2  and  COMT.  Five SNPs in genes  PRKDC ,  TGFb ,  XRCC1 ,  Cyp2A6  and  CTLA4  were found to be different when comparing SNP genotypes in all patients and all controls as a risk of HNSCC. When comparing SNP genotypes among smoking patients and smoking controls, six SNPs in the genes  PFR1, IL10, CCL4, IL6, Ku70 , and  PRF1  were detected. When comparing SNP genotypes, nine SNPs in  CHRNA3, PRKDC, CHARNA5, IFN-γ, ESR1, XRCC1, Cyp2A6, CTLA4,  and  COMT  were different in non-smoking patients and non-smoking controls. No association was found between SNP distribution or patient survival and the impact of HR-HPV. Conclusions:  The SNPs differed between smokers and non-smokers and could indicate a possible interaction between genetics and smoking. This could play an important role in a better understanding of the pathogenesis of HNSCC.

Impact of single nucleotide polymorphisms and cigarette smoking on cancer risk and survival of patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma