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Plukenetia conophora  (African walnut) is an edible seed, widely cultivated for its ethnomedicinal and nutritional purposes. Consumption of African walnuts has been linked with blood sugar lowering effect. The effects of  P. conophora  seed oil treatment on hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress were investigated in plasma, liver and kidney of streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Plukenetia conophora  seed oil (PCO) was obtained by extraction of pulverized dried seed in n-hexane. Diabetes was induced by STZ injection (65 mg/kg, i.p). Rats were assigned into non-diabetic control (NC) and diabetic control (DC; treated with vehicle), PCO (200 mg/kg) and pioglitazone (10 mg/kg). Fasting blood sugar (FBS) was taken from overnight fasted animals on day 7 and 14, respectively. Plasma, liver and kidney samples were obtained on day 14 for the determination of oxidative stress parameters malondialdehyde (MDA), reduced glutathione (GSH), catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD). PCO treatment significantly ( p &lt;  0.05) reduced STZ-induced hyperglycaemia by lowering the elevated FBS. PCO significantly reduced MDA level and attenuated STZ-induced depletion of GSH, catalase and SOD in the diabetic rats’ plasma, liver and kidneys. These results suggest that consumption of  Plukenetia conophora  seed might offer protection against diabetes-induced hepatic and renal damage.

Plukenetia conophora seed oil ameliorates streptozotocin-induced hyperglycaemia and oxidative stress in rats