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In this study, we seek to clarify the characteristics of French Inspired urban architecture in Kunming at the architectural level, as well as the construction process of the French Inspired urban architecture and its relation to the urban landscape of Kunming. With the opening of the International Railway, new construction techniques and materials were introduced into Kunming, and many unconventional architectural works with masonry construction appeared. In addition, after this trend of Western aesthetics started, Western architectural styles such as the French Inspired appeared, and the styles of decorative columns and semi-circular windows were applied to buildings. In addition, aspects of modern interiors such as mosaic tiles appeared in architectural interiors. French Inspired architecture influenced the modernization of Kunming’s architecture through its building techniques, promoting the openness and development of Kunming’s cities and spreading the production techniques, lifestyles, ideologies, and culture of modern Western society to Yunnan, through which these values, lifestyles, daily necessities, and customs influenced Kunming society. On the other hand, in terms of architectural design, many French Inspired buildings incorporate elements of Kunming’s indigenous architectural styles as well as elements of Chinese architecture, such as floor plans, roofs, windows, and doors, creating a multicultural fusion.

journal of asian architecture and building engineering

Development of French inspired urban architecture with the construction of the Yunnan-Vietnam Railway: a case study of Kunming city based on literature survey