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Bladder cancer holds a steady 10th place among oncological diseases. Follow-up and timely diagnosis of recurrence and progression of bladder cancer are still based on regular but outdated cystoscopy followed by cytological examination. To reduce the number of cystoscopy procedures, new and reliable biomarkers for predicting tumor behavior must be developed. The aim of this study was to confirm our previous results that demonstrated overexpression of  AP1S1 ,  CDK9 ,  FIGF  and  HDAC11  in muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The project management was performed using iterative flexible project work (Flexible Methodology for Innovative Projects in Scientific Organizations, FMIPSO). Gene expression analysis of the  AP1S1 ,  CDK9 ,  FIGF  and  HDAC11  genes was evaluated in 39 newly collected non-invasive and muscle-invasive bladder tumors. Differential gene expression was calculated using the ΔΔCt method with  GPDH  as a housekeeping gene. The 4,0-fold change in gene expression was used as a cutoff to determine up- or down-regulation compared to the negative control. Our results demonstrate the involvement of the  FIGF ,  CDK9  and  HDAC11  in tumor progression and their potential use as candidate biomarkers to characterize invasive tumor phenotype and muscle progression, as well as potentially reduce the number of cystoscopies. We used FMIPSO to be able to achieve the results at the optimum level of efficiency and control of the project with all possible constraints in scientific organizations.

Determination of expression level of AP1S1, CDK9, FIGF and HDAC11 genes in bladder tumors for aggressive phenotype characterization