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The Mediterranean basin represents a rich source of medicinal and aromatic plants. These species contain different metabolites such as phenolics, flavonoids, tannins, coumarins and sterols known for their beneficial properties. The essential oils (EOs) of  Lavandula austroapennina  and  Lavandula angustifolia  from the Pollino massif (southern Italy) were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and their anti-denaturation effect was assessed using  in vitro  models with heat-treated bovine serum albumin (BSA) chosen as a protein model.  L. austroapennina  EO showed a better  in vitro  anti-denaturation activity compared to  L. angustifolia , with IC 50  values equal to 260.4 ± 4.2 and 480.0 ± 2.6 µg/mL, respectively. In order to relate the observed results to the most interesting identified phytochemicals, some major components were also tested. Linalool and terpinen-4-ol proved to be effective in protecting BSA from heat denaturation. Moreover, the inhibitory properties on nitric oxide production were verified in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Both lavender EOs showed concentration-dependent inhibitory properties, as well as the monoterpene linalool. Taken together, these results suggest that  L. austroapennina  EO and its main constituent linalool could be good candidates for further investigations, aimed at finding new drugs with anti-arthritic potential.

plant biosystems - an international journal dealing with all aspects of plant biology

Lavandula austroapennina  and  Lavandula angustifolia  essential oils and bioactive components:  in vitro  anti-denaturation effect of lavender from the Pollino massif (Southern Italy)