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As part of a project aimed at investigating the specific and intraspecific taxa of  Matthiola  which grow spontaneously in Sicily (Italy), in this work our research has been focused on  Matthiola tricuspidata  and  Matthiola sinuata . The phenolic and volatile compounds of the hydroalcoholic extracts from the aerial parts of the selected species have been characterized by HPLC-PDA/ESI-MS and SPME-GC/MS analyses. Moreover, the antioxidant capacity  in vitro  (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazil (DPPH), reducing power and Fe 2+  chelating activity assays) and the toxicity ( Artemia salina  lethality bioassay) of the extracts were investigated. The phytochemical analyses highlighted quite different phenolic and volatile profiles in the two species. Concerning the antioxidant properties,  M. tricuspidata  extract resulted the most active both in the DPPH and in the reducing power tests (IC 50  = 1.20 ± 0.01 mg/mL and ASE/mL = 11.25 ± 0.97), whereas  M. sinuata  extract showed better secondary antioxidant properties (IC 50  = 1.32 ± 0.02 mg/mL). The extracts resulted non-toxic in the  Artemia salina  lethality bioassay. Our findings indicate that both  M. tricuspidata  and  M. sinuata  represent new safe sources of bioactive compounds with antioxidant potential.

plant biosystems - an international journal dealing with all aspects of plant biology

Phytochemical characterization and antioxidant activity of the aerial part extracts from two species of  Matthiola  wild in Sicily:  Matthiola sinuata  and  M. tricuspidata  ( Brassicaceae )