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Microalgal biodiesel as a substitute for fossil energy has attracted extensive attention. However, the high cost of microalgae cultivation limits the industrial production of microalgal biodiesel. The co-culture system may offer a means to increase microalgae’s biomass production. In this study,  Streptomyces  strains were selected to construct and optimize co-culture systems with  Monoraphidium  sp. HDMA-11 and the algal cell biomass, lipid content, phycocyanin content, starch content, and fatty acid composition were determined. The results showed that  Streptomyces nojiriensis  significantly promoted  Monoraphidium  sp. HDMA-11 growth and a co-culture system were established. Orthogonal experiments showed that the  Monoraphidium  sp. HDMA-11 biomass was further increased when the initial culture pH was 7.5, the inoculation time of  Streptomyces  strain supernatants was 36 h, the volume ratio of microalgal actinomycetes was 1:1, and no additional acetic acid was added. Under these conditions, compared with monocultured  Monoraphidium  sp. HDMA-11, the cell biomass and lipid productivity of the co-culture system increased by 525.8 and 155.1%, respectively. These results suggest that  S. nojiriensis  supernatant potentially enhances microalgae biomass and may represent a new method to improve microalgae growth.

Screening of symbiotic Streptomyces spp. and optimization of microalgal growth in a microalgae-actinomycetes co-culture system