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2,3-Butanediol (2,3-BD) has been extensively used in chemical syntheses. This study aimed to explore acetic acid as a signaling molecule that activates a quorum sensing (QS) system to promote the production of 2,3-BD. The yield of 2,3-BD is proportional to the cell density.  Saccharomyces cerevisiae  W141 does not produce 2,3-BD when the cell density is lower than the threshold concentration ( OD 600 nm= 10 or cell density 4.4 × 10 8  CFU/mL). When 1.5 g/L acetic acid is added, the yield of 2,3-BD is 3.01 ± 0.04 g/L. Subsequently,  S. cerevisiae  W141 was cocultured with  Acetobacter pasteurianus  Huniang 1.01 under the optimal conditions, the acetic acid production was increased by 76.7% and 30.6% compared with the original strain and the strain cultivated with 1.5 g/L acetic acid, and the yield of 2,3-BD was increased by 81.9% and 3.3%, respectively. This difference is due to the activity of acetyl lactic acid synthase (ILV2) and 2,3-BD dehydrogenase (BDH1), as the relative expression of the  ilv2  and  bdh1  genes is increased. The results showed that the biosynthesis of 2,3-BD was regulated by acetic acid as a signaling molecule.  S. cerevisiae  is a promising host for producing 2,3-BD for industrial applications.

Acetic acid acting as a signaling molecule in the quorum sensing system increases 2,3-butanediol production in Saccharomyces cerevisiae