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Emitted X-ray energies, line shapes, fluorescence yields, absorption probabilities and absorption edges of the elements are X-ray fundamental parameters that are of practical significance because they facilitate compositional analysis of complex materials. They are also a potent test of atomic theory. The chemical effects may cause changes in the energy of the X-ray lines and line shapes, such as the full width at half maximum and asymmetry index values depending on the chemical state of the substance. Although these effects vary for each element, the causes of these differences have been investigated. In this study, changes in chemical action values of lanthanide group compounds were investigated using a single crystal wavelength dispersive X-ray spectrometer equipped with a rhodium anode X-ray tube. The  Ll  and  Lη  X-ray emission lines are characterized by fitting of the Lorentz function. The chemical shift was investigated according to the chemical bond type, molecular structure, and oxidation number.

instrumentation science and technology

Characterization of the chemical shift and asymmetry indices of praseodium, neodymium, samarium, gadolinium, and terbium compounds by wavelength dispersive X-ray fluorescence (WDXRF)