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Organic-inorganic sulfonated poly(ether sulfone) (SPES)-bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ) composite membranes were prepared by the facile solution casting method. Poly(ether sulfone) (PES) polymer was sulfonated using concentrated sulfuric acid as a sulfonating agent and the degree of sulfonation was found to be 42.6%. Structural analysis of prepared samples was characterized using FT-IR, proton NMR, XRD, GPC, SEM and XPS. Physicochemical properties like water uptake, ion exchange capability, thermal properties and proton conductivity of pristine and composite membranes were analyzed. The ion-exchange capacity of the prepared electrolyte membranes was found in the range between 1.5 and 2.4 meq g −1 . SPES composite membrane loaded with 6 wt.% Bi 2 O 3  displayed the highest ionic conductivity of 0.045 S cm −1  than the pristine membrane (0.023 S cm −1 ). The overall results validate that the impregnation of Bi 2 O 3  into SPES polymer exhibits good performance over the neat membrane. This research demonstrates that SPES/Bi 2 O 3  composite membranes are viable electrolytes for fuel cell practice.

High performance bismuth oxide embedded sulfonated poly ether sulfone composite membranes for fuel cell applications