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In this study, the effect of sintering temperature (1000–1100 °C for 2 h) on phase formation, phase transition, microstructure and electrical properties of lead-free piezoelectric (K 0.44 Na 0.52 Li 0.04 )(Nb 0.84 Ta 0.10 Sb 0.06 )O 3  (KNLNTS) solid solution with 0.3 wt%Bi 2 O 3  + 0.4 wt%Fe 2 O 3  + 0.2 wt%CuO additive (abbreviate as modified KNLNTS) was investigated. Modified KNLNTS ceramics were synthesized by the solid-state combustion technique using glycine as fuel. The modified KNLNTS powders were prepared using the calcination condition of 650 °C for 2 h. The XRD pattern of all sintered ceramics exhibited a pure perovskite phase. Using Rietveld refinement to analyze the phase formation showed that the modified KNLNTS ceramics had co-existing phases of orthorhombic and tetragonal in all sintered ceramics and the orthorhombic phase increased when the sintering temperature increased. The average grain size, T O-T , T c , P r  and Ec increased with increasing sintering temperature. At the sintering temperature of 1025 °C, the modified KNLNTS ceramic showed the best electrical properties (C ε  ≈ 6745, S max  ≈0.274% and d* 33  ≈ 548 pm/V). The good electrical properties of the modified KNLNTS ceramics makes them good candidates for lead-free applications to replace Pb-based ceramics.

integrated ferroelectrics

Sintering Temperature Effect on Phase Formation, Microstructure and Electrical Properties of Modified KNLNTS Solid Solution Prepared via the Solid-State Combustion Technique