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(0.935- x )Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -0.065BaTiO 3 - x Ba(Sn 0.1 Ti 0.9 O 3 ) ceramics with  x (BST) = 0, 0.01, 0.03, 0.05, 0.07, 0.10, and 0.15 wt.% were prepared by a solid-state reaction method. The phase structure, microstructure, dielectric, ferroelectric and energy storage properties analysis of BNT-BT- x (BST) ceramics were also studied. The phase structures of BNT-BT- x (BST) ceramics with difference of  x (BST) contents were characterized by X-ray diffraction method (XRD). It was found that the samples showed coexistent phases between rhombohedral and tetragonal morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). The grain growth is inhibited with increase of  x (BST) contents, which showed the average gain size decreased from 0.94 to 0.63 µm. The phase transition with the first anomaly temperature at the lower temperature ( TFA ) gradually decreased from 160 to 74 °C, and then tend to increase from 74 to 151 °C. Meanwhile, the second broad dielectric constant peak at higher temperature ( TSA ) tended to increase first, and then decrease from 307 to 281 °C. Both  TFA  and  TSA  exhibit an obvious dependence on the frequency, which showed the relaxor ferroelectric behavior. The highest density ( ρ  = 5.79 ± 0.15 g/cm 3 ), recoverable energy storage density ( Wrec = 0.28 J/cm 3 ) and energy storage efficiency ( η  = 53.85%) and the piezoelectric coefficient ( d33 *= 450 pm/V.) was found in the composition of  x (BST) = 0.05 wt.%.

The Relationship of Phase Structure, Microstructure and Electrical Properties of BNT-BT-BST Ceramic