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This work presents an interdisciplinary case study of a man who has used inhalants for 15 years and has been homeless since childhood. He exhibited a reduction in brain white matter and mild deterioration in memory and attention. However, other cognitive and construct abilities were intact and functionally observed in activities related to work, play, and survival during his life on the streets. Impairments in the orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortices may be implicated in the participant’s inhalant abuse, while decreased functional connectivity involving the language network may explain the participant’s difficulty to verbally express his feelings and life story. Inhalants impair brain white matter, resulting in cognitive, affective, and social insufficiencies. However, the participant does not use other substances and expressed healthy habits and empathic concern towards others. In addition, life on the street creates community bonds and challenges people with stimulation which could lessen the effects of inhalants.

Homelessness and inhalant abuse: an interdisciplinary case study involving cognition, brain connectivity and social behavior