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A reliable protocol for  in vitro  propagation of  Potentilla nepalensis  was developed and the phytochemical, antioxidant, and antimicrobial effects of  in vitro  propagated and wild grown  P. nepalensis  plants were compared. Leaves of  P. nepalensis  used as explants were cultured on conventional Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations and combinations of plant growth regulators. Optimum sterilization conditions were achieved by using 0.04% Bavistin for 10 min, 0.04% sodium hypochlorite for 1 min, and 0.04% mercuric chloride for 1 min and the optimum media composition for callus generation was MS minerals containing ammonium nitrate (165 mg L −1 ), calcium chloride (44 mg L −1 ), and growth regulators IBA (20 mg L −1 ), and BAP (4 mg L −1 ). The phenolic and flavonoid content were higher in wild grown plant (TPC-21.21 ± 0.54 mg g −1  GAE; TFC-4.24 ± 0.17 mg g −1 RE) compared to  in vitro  propagated  P. nepalensis  (TPC-3.55889 ± 0.72 mg g −1  GAE; TFC-0.33 ± 0.07 mg g −1  RE). Although the antioxidant activity was high in wild grown plant (IC 50 -235 ± 92.120 µg mL −1 ) than  in vitro  propagated (IC 50 -682.989 ± 57.118 µg mL −1 ), the antimicrobial properties for bacterial and fungal pathogens were similar.

journal of herbs, spices and medicinal plants

Comparison of Phytochemicals, Antioxidant, and Antimicrobial Activities of  in Vitro  Propagated and Wild Grown  Potentilla Nepalensis , an Endemic Medicinal Plant from North Western Himalayas