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Bone weakness causes many problems such as osteoporosis, bone fractures, and economic loss, especially at the late stage of lay, in laying hen production. However, the genetic factors and molecular mechanism affecting the bone strength is still largely unknown. To elucidate the molecular mechanism and genetic factors affecting bone strength, a total of six cDNA libraries were constructed and used to compare genetic differences between tibia with higherGroup HBSand lowerGroup LBSbreaking strength in Hyline grey layers. A comparison between Groups HBS and LBS revealed nine differentially expressed genes, of which five were upregulated and four were downregulated in the LBS relative to the HBS in tibia. Our results showed novel candidate genes concerned with bone strength in the late laying period. These include transcription factor paired box protein Pax-5 ( Pax5 ), tissue inhibitor of Metallopoteinase-4 ( TIMP4 ), Kelch-like protein 14 ( KLHL14 ), predicted MAGUK p55 subfamily member 7 isoform X4 ( MPP7 ) and Osteoclast-associated Ig-like receptor ( OSCAR ). Our data provide a vital resource for discovering important candidate genes associated with bone strength and will help further study the molecular mechanisms for bone remodeling.

Transcriptome profile reveals novel candidate genes associated with bone strength in end-of-lay hens