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The study was designed with the objective of expression analysis of pro-apoptotic  BAX  and anti-apoptotic  BCL-2  genes on lactation performance in  Bos indicus  and HF crossbred cows during early lactation.  BAX/BCL-2  mRNA expression ratio in HF crossbreds showed a steady increase from 30th day to 90th day, but in Deoni cows the ratio exhibited a different pattern, which increased from day 30 to day 60, decreased on day 75, and then increased on day 90.  BAX/BCL-2  expression ratio in Deoni and HF crossbreds were lowest on day 30 and highest on day 90. On contrary, the milk yield was highest on day 30 and lowest on day 90 suggesting  BCL-2  gene favors milk production and  BAX  gene oppose milk production. In comparison to HF crossbreds, Deoni cows exhibited highest  BAX/BCL-2  ratio at the end of early lactation, indicating  Bos indicus  cows were more sensitive to apoptosis than HF crossbreds. Comparison of daily milk yield with  BAX/BCL-2  mRNA expression ratio revealed significant negative correlation with a correlation coefficient of −0.98 ( P  &lt; 0.01) and −0.95 ( P  &lt; 0.05) in Deoni and HF crossbred cows, respectively. Our study provides new insights into understanding the genetic control of mammary apoptosis between  Bos indicus  and HF crossbreds.

animal biotechnology

Expression analysis of pro-apoptotic  BAX  and anti-apoptotic  BCL-2  genes in relation to lactation performance in  Deoni  and  Holstein Friesian  crossbred cows