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Egg production by hens is an important reproductive performance index in the poultry industry. To investigate the effects of the  CALM1  and  DRD1  genes on egg production in chicken, their mRNA expression and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) levels were investigated, and bioinformatics and egg-production association analyses were performed. Three SNPs (g.44069941G &gt; A and g.44069889A &gt; G in  CALM1  and g.10742639C &gt; T in  DRD1 ) were detected in the exons and introns of  CALM1  and  DRD1  in 400 Taihang chickens. Among them, g.44069941G &gt; A was significantly associated with Taihang chicken egg production on the 500th day ( p  &lt; 0.05), whereas g.10742639C &gt; T was significantly associated with the 300th day ( p  &lt; 0.05). The expression levels of  CALM1  and  DRD1  in ovarian tissues of a high-yielding Taihang group were greater than in a low-yielding group ( p  &lt; 0.05). The bioinformatics analysis revealed that the mutations influenced the mRNA secondary structures of  CALM1  and  DRD1 . This study provides new insights into the potential effects of  CALM1  and  DRD1  polymorphisms on chicken egg production. The two SNPs g.44069941G &gt; A and g.10742639C &gt; T are potential molecular markers for improving the reproductive traits of Taihang chicken.

Associations of CALM1 and DRD1 polymorphisms, and their expression levels, with Taihang chicken egg-production traits