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In vitro  and  in vivo  studies were conducted to examine the effect of silkworm pupae oil on methane (CH 4 ) emission and methanogens diversity. Five graded levels (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) of silkworm pupae oil were tested  in vitro . Eighteen  Mandya  adult sheep were divided into three groups. All the animals were fed on similar basal diet except the oil supplementation in test groups. Oil level for supplementation was decided on the basis of  in vitro  study.  In vitro  study indicated a reduction of 22% in CH 4  production with 2% oil supplementation. Animals in test groups were supplemented with oil (2%) either daily (CON) or intermittently (INT) on every alternate week for all the seven days. A significant reduction of 17–20% in enteric CH 4  emission (g/d) was achieved due to oil supplementation in sheep. However, No variation was established between test groups CON and INT. In present study,  Methanobrevibacter  was major genus contributed ∼90% of the total rumen methanogens; whilst  Methanobrevibacter gottschalkii  was the most abundant methanogens species. Abundance of  Methanobrevibacter ruminantium  was affected with the oil supplementation. It can be concluded that the silkworm pupae oil at 2% can decrease CH 4  emission by 15–20%.

Effect of silkworm ( Bombyx mori ) pupae oil supplementation on enteric methane emission and methanogens diversity in sheep