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The study was conducted to determine the genetic variants of  κ-casein  and  β-lactoglobulin  genes in native cattle. DNA was extracted from blood samples ( n  = 80) collected from Babuganj, Barishal followed by PCR with gene-specific primers. Genotyping was done by RFLP with  HindIII,  and  HaeIII  restriction enzymes. Allelic and genotypic frequencies, genetic diversity, heterozygosity and Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium were estimated using the Popgen32 software. A total 80 samples were genotyped and three genotypes, namely AA, AB and BB, were detected for both the genes. In case of  κ-casein  gene, higher frequency was observed for AA genotype (0.73) followed by AB (0.23) and BB (0.04) genotype. A allele (0.84) was found to dominate over B allele (0.16). For  β-lactoglobulin  gene, BB genotype (0.66) was found more frequently than AB (0.18) and AA (0.16) genotypes. Highest frequency was found for B (0.75) followed by A (0.25) allele. The average genetic diversity (He) was 0.38. The result indicated differences between observed (Ho) and expected (He) heterozygosity and it was out of equilibrium genetics, assumed that selection pressure was in population. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported study on  κ-casein  and  β-lactoglobulin  gene variants analysis in cattle in Bangladesh.

Genotyping of κ-casein and β-lactoglobulin genes in native cattle from Barishal region of Bangladesh