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Bioactivity-guided fractionation was performed between March and June 2019 to identify the phytoconstituents in extracts of  Withania somnifera  and  Chlorophytum borivilianum  that were responsible for androgenic efficacy by inducing maleness in Nile tilapia. Fish hatchlings were fed diets containing water, methanol, and ethanol extracts at 0.5, 0.75, and 0.9 gm/kg feed concentrations. For  W. somnifera , the highest male percentage (89.63 ± 0.9) was obtained with methanol extract at 0.75 gm/kg feed concentration. For  C. borivilianum , the highest male percentage (93.64 ± 0.9) was obtained with ethanol extract at 0.75 gm/kg feed concentration. Three fractions of methanol extract of  Withania somnifera  roots (W1 to W3) and six fractions of ethanol extract of  Chlorophytum borivilianum  roots (S1 to S6) were obtained through column chromatography followed by TLC. During dietary treatment (0.75 gm/kg feed) with those fractions, W1 and S4 showed higher male percentage than others. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis of W1 and S4 revealed the presence of various unsaturated fatty acids with antiaromatase activity that might be responsible for the androgenic effect of the extracts.

journal of applied aquaculture

Identification of chemical constituents responsible for potential androgenic efficacy of  Withania somnifera  and  Chlorophytum borivilianum  root solvent extracts for production of monosex Nile tilapia,  Oreochromis niloticus