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Efficiency of use is an important quality criterion of usability ISO9241-110-2019. Since design for efficiency often requires functional support, an early consideration of efficiency in the design process is critical. It is desirable to have a technique at hand, which can be applied to the earliest design artifacts (i.e. interaction concepts), and its application only takes a few minutes. Available techniques (e.g., KLM, FLM, modeling techniques, and summative usability tests) require either detailed user interface designs or significant more time for its application. This paper proposes the big  I  notation (with the capital letter i). It is based on the big O notation. The big I notation estimates the growth of interaction steps for the longest interaction path executed once. It can be applied to interaction concepts. The formal definition of the big I notation is introduced, and examples are shown to demonstrate its use and benefits.

Big I Notation to Estimate the Interaction Complexity of Interaction Concepts