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We developed and synthesized novel 4-thiazolidinone hybrids with pyridine and pyrazole heterocycles ( 5a-5o ). The structures of the synthesized products were elucidated by IR,  1 H NMR and  13 C NMR spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. The synthesized hybrids were investigated for their antimicrobial activity against several bacterial and fungal strains using the Mueller–Hinton broth method. Compound 5-(3-methoxybenzylidene)-2-(1-phenyl-3-( p -tolyl)-1 H -pyrazol-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)thiazolidin-4-one (MIC = 50 μg/mL) exhibited prominent activity against gram-negative  E. coli  while compounds 5-(2-methylbenzylidene)-2-(1-phenyl-3-( p -tolyl)-1 H -pyrazol-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)thiazolidin-4-one and 5-(4-methylbenzylidene)-2-(1-phenyl-3-( p -tolyl)-1 H -pyrazol-4-yl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)thiazolidin-4-one exhibited MIC value of 250 μg/mL against  C. albicans . Molecular docking study against microbial DNA gyrase could provide valuable insights into the binding modes of these molecules. They were found to exhibit excellent binding affinity (average Glide docking score: −7.989 and binding energy: −49.807 kcal/mol) through significant bonded and non-bonded interactions.

Design, synthesis, antimicrobial activity and in silico molecular docking studies of some sulfur containing pyrazole-pyridine hybrids