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Foils of graphene oxide (GO) prepared by micrometric graphene oxide platelets dispersed in water at low concentrations were physically investigated during their thermal reduction in a vacuum. The water, the carbon dioxide and the functional groups of oxygen, degassed during the thermal treatment, were monitored for the first time with a quadrupole mass spectrometer as a function of the foil temperature. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and energy dispersive X-rays (EDX) analyses were also presented to confirm the modality of reduction in vacuum. The thermal reduction process increases the C/O atomic ratio from the pristine value of about 2.0 to about 4.5 using a temperature of about 200°C. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO), depleted of water and some functional oxygen groups, shows a more compact structure with an increment of the density from the pristine value of about 1.36 g/cm 3  to about 1.9 g/cm 3 , which determines a decreasing of the distance between the graphene layers.

Mass spectrometry of graphene oxide thermal reduction in vacuum