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Two  N -isonicotinoyl arylaldehyde hydrazones named N'-(4-fluorobenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide ( 2a ) N'-(4-methylbenzylidene)isonicotinohydrazide ( 2 b ) have been synthesized and characterized utilizing spectroscopic techniques and X-ray diffraction. The  s-cis  isomeric geometry of  2a  and  2 b  is confirmed by comparing the observed stretching bond of the azomethine group with their corresponding calculated ones of  s-cis  and  s-trans  isomers for both  2a  and  2 b . The s-cis geometry is in good accordance with the one obtained by X-ray techniques. The global and local electronic properties of  2a  and  2 b  were determined at the B3LYP/6-311 + G(d,p) level of theory. The Results reveal that the stability of  s-cis  isomers compared to  s-trans  ones is mainly refer to the intramolecular carbon-hydrogen bonding formed between lone pairs of the carbonyl group and the hydrogen atom of azomethine of 2.15 Å. The antidiabetic activity of  2a  and  2 b  is investigated by determining their potency to inhibit α-glucosidase.  2a  and  2 b  showed higher inhibitory toward α-glucosidase as compared to the reference drug acarbose. Molecular docking of  2a  and  2 b  into the active site of α-glucosidase showed that the higher inhibition efficiency of  2 b  compared to  2a  is mainly refers to the stability of  2 b -(α-glucosidase) complex compared with 2a-(α-glucosidase).

Synthesis, Spectroscopic Characterization, DFT, Molecular Docking and Antidiabetic Activity of N -Isonicotinoyl Arylaldehyde Hydrazones