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New series of arylazo-pyrazoles and arylazopyrazolo[1,5- a ]pyrimidines are designed, synthesized, and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The structures of new compounds were supported by IR,  1 H NMR, and MS spectral data. Our new synthesized compounds were screened for  in vitro  anti-bacterial and anti-fungal activities. It was found that most of the selected compounds exhibited antimicrobial activity especially compounds  3a, b, f  which displayed excellent antibacterial and antifungal activities compared to the reference drugs Amikacin and Nystatin, respectively against the selected strains. Regarding antibacterial activity of the most potent compound,  3f ; it elicited 1.6 folds Amikacin’s activity against  B. subtilis  and 0.8 of Amikacin activity against S . aureus ,  E. coli , and  P. aeruginosa . Concerning the antifungal activity,  3f  was 16 times and 4 times more potent than Nystatin against  A. niger  and  C. albicans , respectively. Docking of  3f  at the active site of MurA was studied to explore the mode of action of these compounds.

Design, Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of New Arylazopyrazole and Arylazopyrazolo[1,5- a ]pyrimidine Derivatives