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Chemical investigation of roots of the plant,  Rubia cordifolia  Linn, led to the isolation of an undescribed anthraquinone, cordifoquinone R, determined as 1,2-dihydroxy-6-methoxyanthracene-9,10-dione ( 6)  based on the 1D and 2D NMR analyses and HRESIMS. Ten other known compounds  viz. 1,4-dihydroxy-2-methoxyanthracene-9,10-dione ( 1 ), rubiadin ( 2 ), xanthopurpurin ( 3 ), 1-methoxy-3-hydroxy-2-carbomethoxy-9,10-anthraquinone ( 4 ), alizarin ( 5 ), β-sitosterol glucoside ( 7 ), scopoletin ( 8 ), oleanolic acid, ( 9 ), pomolic acid ( 10 ), queretaroic acid ( 11 ) were also isolated. Out of these compounds,  4 ,  10 , and  11  are first reported from this plant species. Compounds  2, 3, 6, 7,  and  10  showed activity in the range of 16-32 µg/ml against  S. aureus  ATCC 29213.

Characterization and antimicrobial evaluation of anthraquinones and triterpenes from Rubia cordifolia