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Background:  This study aimed to analyse the impact of des-acyl and acyl ghrelin (AG) on a wide range of muscular and metabolic markers and in order to discover the possible relationships and interactions of des-acylated ghrelin (DAG) on eating disorders. Materials &amp; Methods:  A total of 88 subjects (64 women and 24 men, with a mean age of 43 years and a mean body mass index (BMI) of 30.20 ± 3.27 kg/m 2 ) were enrolled in the cross-sectional study. Results:  The findings showed that for each unit of increase of free fat mass index (FFMI), levels of DAG decreased by −41.11 pg/mL ( p  &lt; 0.05). Moreover, similar associations with DAG were found for insulin ( β  = −30.67;  p  &lt; 0.001), leptin ( β  = −0.64;  p  &lt; 0.05), body weight ( β  = −14.36;  p  &lt; 0.001), and free fat mass (FFM) ( β  = −30.67;  p  &lt; 0.001). In addition, associations were found between DAG and resting energy expenditure (REE) ( β  = −0.84;  p  = 0.05) and the binge eating scale (BES) in which a unit increase of the BES score Q3 (depression) correlated with a decrease of DAG levels ( β  = −9.98;  p  = 0.08). Further, a unit increase of AG/DAG ratio correspond with an increase in body weight ( β  = 12.20;  p  &lt; 0.05), BMI ( β  = 4.70;  p  &lt; 0.05) and fat mass ( β  = 7.30;  p  &lt; 0.05). However, the AG/DAG ratio was not associated with FFMI ( β  = 2.61;  p  = 0.165) and FFML/BMI ( β  = −0,064;  p  = 0.625). Conclusion:  This study suggests that higher levels of DAG at fasting are indices of poor muscle mass, insulin resistance and depression.

nutritional neuroscience

Association between des-acyl ghrelin at fasting and predictive index of muscle derangement, metabolic markers and eating disorders: a cross-sectional study in overweight and obese adults