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A three-dimensional model for osteocyte was established to research the mechanisms of mechano-transduction and amplification of primary cilium and osteocyte process in every gravity field. The results showed that significant stress concentration was observed in the area of physical connection between TES and the osteocyte process, where the fluid shear stress (FSS) was around two orders of magnitude higher than that in other areas. Due to the significant amplification effect of the TES structure on mechanical stimulation, making osteocyte process the “optimal mechanical receptor”. In microgravity, the mechanical signal conduction ability of the osteocyte decreased significantly..HighlightsAt the micro-nano scale, a 3D model for single bone lacunae-osteocyte system is established.The stress amplification mechanism of the transverse element is verified.Compared with the primary cilium, osteocyte process is the ‘optimal mechanical receptor’.In microgravity, the mechanical signal conduction ability of osteocyte system decreased. At the micro-nano scale, a 3D model for single bone lacunae-osteocyte system is established. The stress amplification mechanism of the transverse element is verified. Compared with the primary cilium, osteocyte process is the ‘optimal mechanical receptor’. In microgravity, the mechanical signal conduction ability of osteocyte system decreased.

Multi-scale numerical simulation on mechano-transduction of osteocytes in different gravity fields