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Medicinally active labdane diterpene lactones, andrographolide ( 1 ), neoandrographolide ( 2 ), dehydroandrographolide ( 3 ) and deoxyandrographolide ( 4 ) are isolated from medicinal plant,  Andrographis paniculata . These diterpenes have many beneficial health effects such as anti-viral, anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer and anti-diabetes. However, to improve bioactivity and water solubility, analogues of labdene diterpenes have been synthesised using synthetic and biotransformation routes. Biocatalytic modification has extensive potential for the preparation of a wide variety of complex, structurally diverse and more potent organic compounds at milder and eco-friendly reaction conditions. Therefore, it is necessary to systematically accumulate the biotransformation reports for isolated lactones. This article reviews the regioselective transformations of bioactive labdane diterpenes isolated from  Andrographis paniculata . The whole-cell and pure enzymatic transformations of andrographolide ( 1 ) and its derivatives are presented concisely.

Biocatalytic transformations of bioactive labdane diterpenoids from Andrographis paniculata (Burm f.) Nees: A review