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An Altitudinal temperature lapse rate (TLR) is essential in understanding the local and regional climate over a mountainous region. This study estimated TLR for the Uttarakhand State in the Northern Indian region using MODIS-LST and the observed air temperature data extracted from the 107 Automatic Weather Stations. The objective of this study is to estimate the TLR: first directly from MODIS-LST and second from the observed station. The result of our analysis shows that MODIS-LST estimated TLR during day-time (−0.54 °C/100 m) is noticeably less accurate than the night-time (−0.59 °C/100 m) and; steeper at night in summer months and shallower during day in winter months. The spatial and temporal changes of TLR of 107 stations varies significantly with the steepest summer (−1.1 °C/100 m) and shallowest winter (−0.12 °C/100 m). Further, for the validation of performance, the MODIS-LST estimated TLR were found out to be highly correlated with the observed air temperature.

Estimation of surface temperature lapse rate over the Uttarakhand region using 107 station data and MODIS-LST data