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Pluchea eupatorioides  Kurz, which belongs to the family Asteraceae, is known for its medicinal properties and has been traditionally used to treat various diseases. This study aimed to investigate the chemical composition of the essential oil extracted from the aerial parts of  P. eupatorioides  and evaluate its antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. The essential oil was isolated by hydrodistillation and analysed by gas chromatography/ mass spectrometry (GC/MS). Thirty-three volatile compounds were identified in  P. eupatorioides  essential oil, including β-caryophyllene (29.36%), 2,5-dimethoxy- p -cymene (18.41%), α-isocomene (15.74%), and caryophyllene oxide (9.77%) as the major compounds. The antimicrobial activity of  P. eupatorioides  essential oil was investigated using a broth microdilution assay to determine the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). The results indicated that  P. eupatorioides  essential oil demonstrated effectiveness against  Staphylococcus aureus  ATCC 25923 and  Candida albicans  ATCC 10231 with a MIC of 100 µg/mL. Moreover, the essential oil was also found to be effective against  Bacillus cereus  ATCC 14579 and  Escherichia coli  ATCC 25922, but with a slightly higher MIC of 200 µg/mL. Furthermore, the antioxidant activity of  P. eupatorioides  essential oil was determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging assays. The IC 50  values calculated using the DPPH and ABTS assays were 164.2 and 136.1 µg/mL, respectively. These findings demonstrate that the  P. eupatorioides  essential oil could be used as a potential source of antimicrobial and antioxidant agents for the food and pharmaceutical industries. This is the first report describing the chemical compositions, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of  P. eupatorioides  essential oil.

Essential oil composition, antimicrobial and antioxidant properties of Pluchea eupatorioides Kurz collected from Vietnam