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Many studies have been reported on the pharmacological effects and extraction methods of lavender essential oil, but little is known about a profiling analysis of terpenoids produced in lavender leaves by ionizing irradiation. Here, we performed the profiling analysis of volatile terpenoids produced by lavender ( Lavandula angustifolia  L.) leaves in response to gamma irradiation and the anticancer effects of terpenes induced by γ-irradiation. The analyses of volatile terpenoids revealed that lavender leaves biosynthesised 33 species of volatile terpenoids and their relative ratio were significantly changed after exposure to γ-ray. The relative ratio of monoterpene hydrocarbons such as limonene,  p -cymene, and camphene (except for δ-3-carene, γ-terpinene, terpinolene, and  allo -ocimene) was reduced to less than 60% at 1000 Gy, set to 100% at 0 Gy. On the contrary, the ratio of sesquiterpene hydrocarbons such as α-santalene, ( E )-α-bergamotene, and γ-cadinene was up-regulated by more than 1.6-fold at 1000 Gy. Additionally, α-santalene, which was increased the most by γ-irradiation, significantly inhibited the proliferation of the human prostate cancer cell line (PC3) with an IC 50  &lt; 12.5 μg mL -1 . Our findings indicate that the α-santalene is the most induced terpenoid after exposure to γ-ray in lavender leaves and that it has a pharmacological effect on reducing the cell viability in human prostate cancer cells. We suggest that non-destructive reconstitution of secondary metabolites in target plants (e.g., medicinal plants) can be achieved by using γ-irradiation as a tool.

journal of essential oil bearing plants

Comparative Analysis of Volatile Terpenoids Composition in Lavender Leaves in Response to Gamma Irradiation and Anticancer Effect of α-Santalene against Prostate Cancer