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This paper reports an experimental study carried out in a laboratory flume to study the ripple formation and migration for three different sediment sizes ranging from fine sand to coarse sand under the influence of surface waves of different frequencies. This study compares the ripple length, height, ripple patch formation and migration characteristics for different wave frequencies and sediment sizes. Three-dimensional velocity was measured by 3D micro-ADV (Acoustic Doppler Velocimeter) and the evolution of bed morphology was quantified by Ultrasonic Ranging System (URS), SeaTek Inc. It is found from experimental results that patches (bunch of ripples) do not appear all over the bed at a time, rather these patches appear at isolated locations and the separation between the patches scale with the wave length of surface waves. Further, the ripple migration rate is evaluated and its relationship with sediment grain size and frequency is presented.

Formation and migration of ripple pattern due to pure wave