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Poland is the biggest country in the European Union without any regulations concerning same-sex partnerships. Neither does it offer any recognition of queer parenthood. With its very conservative, heteronormative, cisgender, and nuclear vision of family and understandings of kinship, it makes the life of queer parents and their children incredibly hard and precarious. In this article, I focus on case studies of queer parenthood to demonstrate the complex intersections of state understanding of ‘appropriate’ family and ‘fit’ parents, limits of its legal regulations, and the materiality of living of queer parents and their, sometimes stateless, children. My main aim is to analyze what happens when the hetero and cisnormative logic of reproduction embedded in state legislation is questioned by queers who do reproduce. My additional argument concerns the importance of acknowledging geopolitical location as a factor influencing the formation and living experiences of queer families to avoid false generalizations based on research conducted in (western) contexts with more queer-inclusive legal regulations.

The limits of choice: queer parents and stateless children in their search for recognition in Poland