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To gain quantifiable and explainable changes in LULC about Hakaluki Haor in Bangladesh, this study employed Landsat satellite data to interpret LULC from 2000 to 2019. Four change detection analyses (2000–2005, 2005–2010, 2010–2015, and 2015–2019) were done to detect the shifting process of different LULC classes. There was significant rapid growth in human settlement (91.61 km 2 ) between 2000 and 2019, while the same period witnessed a reduction in water bodies (−28.69 km 2 ), dense vegetation (−47.01 km 2 ), cropland (−12.96 km 2 ) and bare land (−2.95 km 2 ). Furthermore, interviews with local communities were conducted to identify the contributing factors for the changes. The major factors responsible for the changes of LULC were population pressure (29.41%), climatic variation (20.91%), anthropogenic factors (16.34%), sedimentation (14.38%), lack of awareness of policies (11.76%) and inappropriate development interventions (7.19%). The findings and given recommendations will help policymakers to establish the appropriate land use plans for Hakaluki Haor region.

Dynamics of changes in land use and land cover and perceived causes in Hakaluki Haor, Bangladesh