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Separately using the data at the individual hardness levels of 192-197, 206-211 and 216HBW, we have analysed the correlation of 550, 575, 600 and 650℃ creep-rupture properties of the specimens with the given hardness levels. The ranges of hardness values satisfying the requirement of maximum allowable stresses at the elevated temperatures specified by the ASME BPVC 2017 and the ASME BPVC 2019 are respectively presented by using an approach proposed. The maximum allowable stress values may directly correlate to the lower limits of the hardness values at the temperatures given. Typically, a lower limit of 205HBW is demonstrated to be suitable not only for the application of the present Type 1 and Type 2 Grade 91 materials at a temperature of ≤ 600℃ but also for the previous Grade 91 components with a wall-thickness of  75mm at a temperature of ≤ 575℃.

Correlation of hardness with maximum allowable stresses of Grade 91 steel