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Birth during pollen seasons may influence food allergy risk but no study has assessed pollen exposure. Using the HealthNuts population-based cohort of 5276 infants, we assessed grass pollen exposures,  in utero  and up to the first 6 months of life, on hen’s egg, sesame and peanut allergy outcomes at 12 months. Cumulative pollen exposure in the first 7 days of life increased risk of peanut sensitization aMOR (adjusted multinomial odds ratio) = 1.21 (95% CI: 1.01–1.44). Exposure between first 4–6 months of life increased risk of hen’s egg aMOR = 1.02 (95% CI: 1.004–1.04) and sensitization to all foods aMOR = 1.02 (95% CI: 1.003–1.04). Grass pollen exposure was associated with food challenge diagnosed food allergy, but only among infants with a maternal history of food allergy. Exposure to grass pollen in the  intrauterine  period and infancy may be important but more studies are needed to replicate these findings.

Associations between grass pollen exposures in utero and in early life with food allergy in 12-month-old infants