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The popular  Joha  rice cultivar  Kon Joha , cultivated throughout the state, was used to induce mutations.  Kon Joha  is short-grain aromatic rice with excellent cooking quality. The cultivar is tall and late maturing with an average yield of less than 2 tons ha −1  and is susceptible to lodging The investigation through M 1  to M 3  generation aimed at improving the morpho-agronomic traits of the popular  Joha  rice cultivar  Kon Joha . The experiments were carried out during  the Sali  season (winter rice) from 2017 to 2019 at Instruction-cum-Research (ICR) Farm of Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat (Assam). Dry uniform seeds of  Kon Joha  were subject to irradiation with 100–400 Gy of gamma rays from a  60 Co source. The M 1  generation used a randomized complete block design with four replications during  Sali  2017. A total of 5998 M 1  plant progenies were subject to screening in the M 2  during  Sali  2018. The M 3  included 662 morpho-agronomic variants raised in the plant rows during  Sali  2019, and 66 mutants were confirmed. The M 1  of  Kon Joha  registered a reduction in germination, seedling height, pollen/spikelet fertility and plant survival at 400 Gy. All the traits showed highly significant differences among the doses in the M 2  generation. The shift in trait means was in both directions as influenced by the genotype and mutagen dose. The 66 mutants exhibited significant differences for all traits in the M 3  generation. Fifty mutants were shorter than the parent  Kon Joha . The GCV and PCV estimates were high (&gt;20%) for grain yield, biological yield, productive tillers, filled grains, and average panicle weight. All the traits except panicle length exhibited high heritability coupled with high genetic advance, suggesting the predominance of additive gene action and the effectiveness of simple selection. Grain yield showed a significant positive correlation with plant height, panicle length, filled grains, spikelet fertility, the average panicle weight and harvest index in the mutant population. Thus, mutation induction in  Kon Joha  proved useful in inducing desirable changes in plant architectural traits. The study further emphasized the short stature high yielding mutants with strong aroma for wide-scale testing in the state.

Mutation induction in aromatic Joha rice of Assam for improvement of morpho-agronomic traits through M 1 to M 3 generation