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Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is one of the most common and serious long-term adverse effect after thoracic radiotherapy. Our aim was to investigate the potential molecular mechanism underlying RIHD using RNA-sequencing (RNA-seq) and bioinformatics methods. An RIHD rat model was established and transcription profiles were identified using RNA-seq. Differentially expressed circRNAs, miRNAs and mRNAs were identified. Enrichment of functions and signaling pathways analysis were performed based on GO and the KEGG database. Potential circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network underlying RIHD was established. qRT-PCR was used to validate the associated genes. In total, 21 circRNAs, 26 miRNAs, and 178 mRNA transcripts were differentially expressed in RIHD. GO and KEGG pathway analyses identified that differentially expressed mRNAs were most enriched in pathways referring to endothelial function and vascular pathological processes. Nine circRNAs, 10 miRNAs, and 6 mRNA transcripts were most likely involved in vascular function and a candidate competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA) network of circRNA-miRNA-mRNA was established, which were further validated by qRT-PCR. Our study revealed that vascular pathology plays an important role in the early stage of RIHD. Furthermore, a circRNA-miRNA-mRNA ceRNA network was found that may be involved in the regulation of vascular function and RIHD.

Identification of circRNAs and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulatory network in radiation-induced heart disease