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Purpose:  A population-based case-control study was conducted in Yangjiang and Enping areas in South China to assess whether the risk of lens opacity induced by natural high background radiation exposure is modulated by polymorphisms of  ATM  and  TP53 . Materials and methods:  A total of 133 cases who were diagnosed with cortical and posterior subcapsular (PSC) opacity were recruited, and 419 healthy controls were selected through counter-matching in terms of radiation status. Genomic DNA from all the participants was genotyped with the Illumina platform for four single nucleotide polymorphisms of  ATM  (rs189037, rs373759, and rs4585) and  TP53  (rs1042522). The cumulative lens dose received during the entire life was estimated based on annual indoor and outdoor radiation doses and gender- and age-specific occupancy factors. Non-conditional logistic regression was performed to calculate odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI). Results:ATM  rs189037 and  TP53  rs1042522 were significantly related to cortical and PSC opacity. The risk of opacity was higher when individuals carried the A allele of  ATM  rs189037 and C allele of  TP53  rs1042522, compared with GG genotype.  ATM  rs189037 A allele carriers (AG/AA) and TP53 rs1042522 C allele carriers (CG/CC) combined with a cumulative lens dose of 100 mGy or higher showed statistically significant opacity risks (OR = 5.51, 95% CI: 1.47–20.66; OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.10–6.60). Conclusion:  The A allele of  ATM  rs189037 and C allele of  TP53  rs1042522 increased the risk of lens opacity induced by radiation. These polymorphisms in  ATM  and  TP53  might modify the risk of cortical and PSC opacity induced by chronic and prolonged low-dose radiation.

ATM and TP53 polymorphisms modified susceptibility to radiation-induced lens opacity in natural high background radiation area, China