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The health-related quality of life (HRQoL) among persons living with HIV (PLWHA) who initiate ART during acute HIV infection (AHI) is not well studied. Participants in the SEARCH010/RV254 cohort initiated ART during AHI. They completed the Thai version of the World Health Organisation Quality of Life instrument-BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) prior to ART initiation and 24 weeks later. Of 452 participants, 406 (90%) completed the WHOQOL-BREF. The median age was 26 years (IQR 22–31), and 98% were men. All WHOQOL-BREF domains demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha &gt;0.70). Confirmatory factor analysis validated the WHOQOL-BREF model. 90% of Pearson correlations between domain scores and general facet items were &gt;0.50. HRQoL in all domains was worse among those with at least moderately severe depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10) ( p &lt;0.0001), supporting discriminant validity. At 24 weeks, there was an improvement of scores in all domains (physical, psychological, social, and environmental) and general facet items ( p &lt;0.0001), and the range of mean domain scores was 14.7–15.6 (SD 2.3–2.8). The majority of participants (58–63%) had improved HRQoL in the physical, psychological and environmental domains. It is concluded that HRQoL improves 6 months after initiation of ART in AHI, suggesting a benefit of early ART initiation.

Persons living with HIV treated in acute HIV infection report good health-related quality of life in Thailand